Non-specific effects of veterinary vaccines

The benefits of vaccines focus on specific effects on subsequent infections by target pathogens. However, recent studies have opened new insights into the additional effects of vaccines known as non-specific effects (NSEs) or heterologous effects of vaccines. Although several articles have reviewed the epidemiological and immunological evidence of NSE from human vaccines, there are few similar studies on veterinary vaccines. The purpose of this paper was to review the results of published studies on NSE from vaccines designed or reused for use in animals. As of April 30, 2021, a total of 8412 titles were retrieved from the PubMed and CABI databases. After the final stage of screening, 45 eligible articles were included in the review. The data in these articles are summarized and presented here. In general, most of the vaccines reviewed in the reviewed articles have beneficial NSEs for multiple pathogens and medical conditions. However, few studies report harmful NSEs from both non-live and live vaccines, as opposed to existing evidence for beneficial NSEs from live vaccines and harmful NSEs from non-live vaccines. This review can be used as an adjunct to future reviews of NSE RCT studies from vaccines in animals and will be a useful aid to the evolving understanding of NSEs from vaccines. Non-living human vaccines are associated with adverse non-specific effects (NSE), especially in women. A large study found that all-cause mortality in girls vaccinated with the new malaria vaccine was doubled compared to the rabies vaccine used as a control. A beneficial NSE for rabies vaccine has been proposed. Conversely, increased mortality was observed in females but not in males after rabies vaccination of puppies born to immunized mothers. We investigated the NSE of the non-living rabies vaccine in piglets and the potential alteration effect of the maternal primary vaccination with the rabies vaccine. In a Danish herd of commercial pigs free of rabies virus, 575 pregnant sows (2-3 weeks before planned delivery) and 5747 offspring (median 6 days of age) were live animals. None (Versiguard rabies vaccination) or rabies vaccination without rabies was assigned. (1: 1). vaccination. The results were all-cause mortality and antibiotic treatment until leaving kindergarten (approximately 12 weeks of age / 30 kg).

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Anti-spikes receptor binding domain (RBD) levels and short-term adverse event dynamics after heterologous booster administration of BNT162b2 after two doses of CoronaVac

Image
CoronaVac was administered in early 2021 as the primary COVID19 vaccine for Thai healthcare professionals (HCWs) in response to a new variant epidemic. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dynamics of the humoral immune response and the short-term side effects resulting from the additional administration of BNT162b2 after the completion of two doses of CoronaVac in Thai healthcare professionals. This study was conducted in August and September 2021 at a teaching hospital in northern Thailand. Participants were 50 healthcare workers vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac and were expected to receive an additional dose of BNT162b2. We evaluated AntiSARSCoV2 IgG antibody levels and short-term side effects. Anti-RBD levels were determined using Architect SARSCoV2 IgG II Quant (Abbott). Of the 50 participants, 37 were women. The average age was 33.0 years. The average time between the second CoronaVac vaccination and the BNT162b2 booster was 81.7 days (SD = 25.0). Median anti-SARSCo
Read more

Vaccines and immunization: Vaccine safety

Image
Vaccination is one of the best ways to prevent illness. Overall, the vaccine is estimated to save 2 to 3 million lives each year. Together with the government, vaccine manufacturers, scientists, and medical professionals, the WHO Vaccine Safety Program continues to support vaccine safety monitoring. This helps ensure that the vaccine is safe for you and your family. The most commonly used vaccines today have been in use for decades, with millions of people safely receiving the vaccine each year. Several new vaccines are also under development. Once approved, they should help prevent other life-threatening illnesses such as Zika virus and Nipah virus, and improve the effectiveness of existing vaccines. Like all medicines, all vaccines must undergo extensive and rigorous testing before being introduced into the country. After use, it should be continuously monitored to ensure it is safe for the people who receive it. Vaccines are very safe. As with all medicines, side effects can occur
Read more

A Brighton Collaboration standardized template with key considerations for a benefit/risk assessment for a soluble glycoprotein vaccine to prevent disease caused by Nipah or Hendra viruses

Image
                                             vaccines LLC has developed a protein vaccine to prevent diseases caused by Nipah and Hendra virus infections, which uses recombinant soluble Hendra glycoprotein (HeVsG) adulated with aluminum phosphate. The vaccine is currently under clinical evaluation in a phase 1 study. The Technical Working Group (BRAVATO; exV3SWG) has prepared a standardized template for the risk assessment of the benefits of vaccines to describe the key considerations for the evaluation of risks of the benefits of protein vaccines. This will help key stakeholders assess potential safety issues and understand the profit risk of such vaccine platforms. The structured and standardized evaluation provided by the staff can also help increase public acceptance and communication of licensed protein vaccines. Protein vaccines usually contain viral surface antigens that are responsible for stimulating neutralizing antibodies. They are usually recombinant and highly purified. Pe
Read more